100 Years of Kakori Train Action
▪ On 9th August 1925, Indian revolutionaries carried out the Kakori train action on the Number 8 Down
train from Shahjahanpur to Lucknow, aiming to seize British government funds to support the freedom struggle.
▪ After the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre (1919) and suspension of Non-Cooperation Movement (1922), young nationalists formed Hindustan Republican Association (HRA) (1924) to fund revolutionary activities by seizing British treasury money transported by train.
▪ It was carried out by revolutionaries like Ram Prasad Bismil, Ashfaqullah Khan, Rajendra Lahiri, Keshav Chakraborty, Mukundi Lal, Banwari Lal, and Chandrashekhar Azad (member of HRA).
▪ British crackdown after the Kakori robbery led to arrests of many, of whom 17 were jailed, four transported for life and four—Bismil, Ashfaqullah, Roshan Singh and Rajendra Lahiri were hanged. Kakori proved to be a setback.
▪ Chandrashekhar Azad was one of the few revolutionaries who managed to escape police charges.
Operation Sadbhavana
▪ Indian Army inaugurates ‘Arogyam health & wellness centre’ in Tawang under Operation Sadbhavana.
About Operation Sadbhavana
▪ Launched by: Indian Army in 1998 in Jammu & Kashmir.
▪ Aim: Apply “healing touch” and Win Hearts and Minds (WHAM) of people affected by terrorism and insurgency.
▪ Purpose: Extended Army’s role from border defence & counter-insurgency to development and community welfare.
▪ Focus Areas: Education, healthcare, women empowerment, skill development, sports, infrastructure, ecology & environment.
