National Commission for Minorities (NCM) Context: Harjit Singh Grewal has been appointed as the Chairperson of the National Commission for Minorities (NCM). About National Commission for Minorities (NCM) The National Commission for Minorities (NCM) is a statutory body created under the National Commission for Minorities Act, 1992. Its main aim is to protect the rights and interests of minority communities in India. The first statutory NCM was established on 17 May 1993. Genesis The Minorities Commission (MC) was first set up in 1978 through a Ministry of Home Affairs Resolution. In 1984, it was transferred to the Ministry of Welfare. In 1988, the Ministry of Welfare removed linguistic minorities from the Commission’s responsibility. Composition The Commission consists of: One Chairperson, One Vice-Chairperson, Five Members All members are appointed by the Central Government. Delays in appointing the full Commission have raised concerns about its effective functioning. Every member must belong to one of the six notified minority communities: Muslims, Christians, Sikhs, Buddhists, Parsis (Zoroastrians),Jains Powers and Tenure The NCM has quasi-judicial powers, which means it has powers similar to a civil court in certain matters. The Chairperson, Vice-Chairperson, and Members serve a three-year term from the date they take office. Removal of Members The Central Government can remove the Chairperson or any Member if they: Are declared insolvent (bankrupt). Accept paid employment outside their official duties. Refuse to work or become unable to perform their duties. Are declared of unsound mind by a court. Misuse their position or office. Minorities in India and Constitutional Safeguards About Minorities The Constitution of India does not define the term "minority." However, it recognizes religious minorities and linguistic minorities. Recognised Minority Communities In 1993, the Government of India recognized the following five religious minorities: Muslims, Christians, Sikhs, Buddhists, Parsis (Zoroastrians) In 2014, Jains were also…
