Environment Thamirabarani River Context: The Madras High Court stated that no one has the right to pollute rivers in the name of religious rituals. The Court expressed concern over the large-scale dumping of clothes and other ritualistic items into the Thamirabarani River during funeral rites. Facts about the Thamirabarani River The Thamirabarani River (also known as 'Tamraparni' or 'Porunai') is a perennial river in South India. It flows entirely within Tamil Nadu. The water appears slightly reddish due to the presence of traces of copper. In Tamil, "Thamiram" means copper; hence, it is named 'Thamirabarani'. 'Porunai' is its ancient name; this name is frequently mentioned in Sangam literature. Course of the River It originates at the Agasthiyarkoodam peak of the Pothigai Hills in the Western Ghats. It flows entirely through Tamil Nadu. Finally, it empties into the Gulf of Mannar near Thoothukudi. Total length: Approximately 128 km. Major Tributaries Kadana River, Manimutharu, Pachaiyaru Major Dams Papanasam Dam, Karaiyar Dam, Manimutharu Dam, Servalaru Dam, Kadana River Dam Major Waterfalls Bana Theertham Falls (approx. 132 feet high, near Karaiyar Dam), Agasthiyar Falls, Kalyana Theertham Major Temples Papanasam Temple, Agasthiyar Temple Both are situated on the banks of the river. Biodiversity The Thamirabarani is one of the world's finest rivers in terms of fish species diversity. It is home to more than 16 native species of 'snakehead' fish Approximately 669 fish species have been recorded in this river. It is one of the few rivers in India where all three species of otters are found: Eurasian Otter Smooth-coated Otter Asian Small-clawed Otter
